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Pondicherry
Puducherry, formerly known as Pondicherry, gained its importance as "The French Riviera of the East" after the arrival of French colonization in India. Puducherry is the Tamil interpretation of "new city" and is mainly derived from "Poduke", the name of the commercial city or "port city" for Roman trade in the 1st century, as mentioned in the Periplus of the Erythrean Sea. The settlement was once an abode of scholars versed in the Vedas, hence it was also known as Vedapuri.
The history of Pondicherry can be divided into two periods: pre-colonial and colonial. The pre-colonial period began with the reign of the Pallavas, who ruled the empire from 325 to 900, followed by the Chola dynasty from 900 to 1279 and the Pandya dynasty from 1279 to 1370. During the 14th century, the city emerged. from 1370 to 1614 under the rule of Gingee's Naikship of the Vijayanagara Empire, when it was conquered by the Sultan of Bijapur, who ruled there from 1614 to 1638. It was during this period that Portuguese and Danish traders used it as a trading centre. .
The colonial period began with the Portuguese, the first Europeans to trade in textiles, in 1521, and then with the Dutch and Danes in the 17th century.
Pondicherry's flourishing trade attracted the French, and the French pioneer Francois Martin established the predominant feature of the city in the form of a French settlement in 1674. In 1693, Puducherry was conquered by the Dutch and later restored in 1699 with the Treaty of Ryswick.
The French acquired Mahé in 1720, Yanam in 1731, and Karaikal in 1738. The British captured the city from the French, but returned it after the Treaty of Paris in 1763. This Anglo-French War continued until 1814, during which France entered and founded a conflict. control over the settlements of Pondicherry, Mahé, Yanam, Karaikal and Chandernagor, even during the British period, until 1954. It was a reign of 138 years under the French, who left the Indian coast on October 31, 1954 after a de facto transfer . of power .

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